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SP4415
SIGNAL PROCESSING EXCELLENCE
Electroluminescent Lamp Driver with Selectable Level Outputs
s s s s s 2.2 V- 3.6 V Battery Operation 50 nA Maximum Standby Current Four Level Selectable Output High Voltage Output 140VPP Typical High Impedance Clock Signal Conditioner
APPLICATIONS s Watches s Pagers s Backlit LCD Displays
DESCRIPTION
The SP4415 is a single chip DC-AC converter ideally suited for driving electroluminescent panels to four intensity levels. The SP4415 is capable of converting DC input voltages as low as 2.2V into any of four AC voltage levels which can be set via external switch. A high impedance clock input and signal conditioner allows users to connect crystal oscillators directly to the CLK input without interfering with existing system timing, no buffering of the crystal oscillator is necessary. The SP4415 requires only one external inductor and is offered in an 8-pin NSOIC package. For delivery in die form, please consult the factory.
No Connect VSS COIL EL2
1 2 3 4 SP4415
8 7 6 5
CLK Level Select VDD EL1
SP4415 Block Diagram
SP4415DS/06 SP4415 Electroluminescent Lamp Driver (c) Copyright 1996 Sipex Corporation
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these ratings or any other above those indicated in the operation sections of the specifications below is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods of time may affect reliability. VDD...................................................................................................7.0 V Input Voltages/Currents Level Select (pin 1).......................................-0.5V to (VDD+0.5V) EN (pin3)............................................................................60mA Lamp Outputs...............................................................................250VPP Storage Temperature....................................................-65C to +150C Power Dissipation Per Package 8-pin NSOIC (derate 6.14mWoC above +70oC)...................................500mW
The information furnished herein by Sipex has been carefully reviewed for accuracy and reliability. Its application or use, however, is solely the responsibility of the user. No responsibility for the use of this information is assumed by Sipex, and this information shall not explicitly or implicitly become part of the terms and conditions of any subsequent sales agreement with Sipex. Specifications are subject to change without prior notice. By the sale or transfer of this information, Sipex assumes no responsibility for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license or other proprietary rights are granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Sipex Corporation.
SPECIFICATIONS
T= 25C; VDD = 3.0V; Lamp Capacitance = 2000pF; Coil = 30 mH at 125 Ohms; Osc = 32,768Hz (Unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER Supply Voltage, VDD Supply Current, ICOIL+IDD Coil Voltage, VCOIL Level Select Input Voltage, VLS LOW: EL off HIGH: EL on Level Select Current, ILS EL off EL on Shutdown Current, ISD=ICOIL+IDD External Clock Frequency Input Sensitivity INDUCTOR DRIVE Coil Frequency, fCOIL=fLAMPx32 Coil Duty Cycle Peak Coil Current, IPK-COIL Coil Pulses Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 EL LAMP OUTPUT EL Lamp Frequency, fLAMP Peak to Peak Output Voltage
MIN. 2.2
TYP. 3.0 5
MAX. 3.6 20 3.6
UNITS V mA V
CONDITIONS
VLS at Level 1
VDD -0.25 VDD-0.25 0 VDD
0.25V VDD+0.25 10 40 50
V
A
1
10
VDD=3V, 0nA Hz mVP
32768 125
8192 75 60
Hz % mA Guaranteed by design.
7 9 12 16
pulses
Refer to SP4415 Level Select Control diagrams.
256 130 140 160
Hz VPP VLS at Level 4
SP4415DS/06
SP4415 Electroluminescent Lamp Driver
(c) Copyright 1996 Sipex Corporation
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PIN DESCRIPTION
THEORY OF OPERATION
1 2 3 4
8 7 6 5
Pin 1 - NC - Float this pin.. Pin 2 - VSS - Ground connection Pin 3 - Coil - Coil input, connect coil from VDD to Pin 5. Pin 4 - Lamp2- EL voltage output, connect directly to EL lamp. Pin 5 - Lamp1- EL voltage output, connect directly to EL lamp. Pin 6 - VDD - Power supply for driver, connect to system VDD. Pin 7 - Level Select - Selects the number of inductor drive pulses. Pin 8 - Clk - Clock input for charge and discharge cycles.
The SP4415 is made up of three basic circuit elements, a clock signal conditioner, a divider chain, and a switched H-bridge network. The clock signal conditioner circuit allows users to directly connect a crystal oscillator output to the SP4415; no buffering is necessary. The clock input features high impedance (50 M), low capacitance (2.5pF) and 200mV sensitivity. The external clock should range from (VDD-1V) to ground. The SP4415 is optimized for 32,768Hz clock signals and is allowed to vary from 20 kHz to 60kHz. The externally supplied clock signal provides the circuit with a clock source used to control the charge and discharge phases for the coil and lamp. The suggested oscillator frequency is 32,768Hz . This clock frequency is internally divided to create two internal control signals, fCOIL and fLAMP. For example a 32,768Hz signal will be divided to provide an 8,192Hz 75% duty cycle output to drive the coil and a 256Hz 50% duty cycle output to drive the lamp. Although the oscillator frequency can be varied to optimize the lamp output, the ratio of fCOIL to fLAMP will always equal 32.
VBATTERY VDD Coil 3 35mH/125 ohms
SP4415
7 Level Select
6
CLR
8 CLK
9 BIT COUNTER
Q
7 BIT COUNTER
Q
2 BIT COUNTER
HON LEVEL DECODER
PULSE COUNT DECODER
PULSE COUNT SELECTOR
fCOIL
SCR1
SCR2
fLAMP
fLAMP
Vss 2
EL Lamp
EL1 5
EL2 4
SP4415 Schematic
SP4415DS/06 SP4415 Electroluminescent Lamp Driver (c) Copyright 1996 Sipex Corporation
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The EL outputs can be enabled by driving the Level Select pin (pin 7) high. Four intensity levels can be set via the Level Select pin (pin 7). The intensity levels correspond with the number of coil pulses per bridge half cycle. The full output is represented by 16 coil pulses, levels 3, 2, 1 have 12, 9, and 7 coil pulses. The coil pulses transfer energy to the EL lamp; the more pulses per cycle, the brighter the lamp. In order to set a level, the Level Select pin should be driven high, then driven low (or released) and within the next one second, the Level Select pin should be again driven high; this sequence will increment the level selection until the highest level (level 4) is reached. The next sequence will force the output back to the lowest intensity level, level 1. The Level Select pin is equipped with a debounce circuit such that momentary (15 mS) opens of the input will not result in changes to the output level. The coil is an external component connected from VBATTERY to pin 3 of the SP4415. Energy is developed in the coil according to the equation EL=1/2LI 2 where the current I is defined as I=(VBATTERY-IR-VOL)/RT. In order to maximize the energy produced by the coil, VBATTERY should
represent the largest voltage in the system (up to a maximum of 6.0 v ); VBATTERY= 3.0 VDC with a 35mH/125 coil is a typical example. It is not necessary that VDD=VBATTERY. The majority of the supply current is dissipated in the coil (10mA typical). The SP4415 itself requires less than 1mA (700A typical). Coils are also a function of the core material and winding used -- performance variances may be noticeable from different coil suppliers even though the values are the same. The Sipex SP4415 is final tested using a 35mH/135 ohm coil. For suggested coil sources see page 8. The f COIL signal controls a switch that connects the end of the coil at pin 3 to ground or to open circuit. The fCOIL signal is a 75% duty cycle square wave, switching at 1/4 the oscillator frequency. For a 32,768 Hz oscillator fCOIL is 8,192Hz. During the time when the fCOIL signal is high, the coil is connected from VBATTERY to ground and a charged magnetic field is created in the coil. During the low part of fCOIL , the ground connection is switched open, the field collapses and the energy in the inductor is forced to flow toward the high voltage H-bridge switches. fCOIL will send 16 of these charge pulses to the lamp; each pulse increases the voltage drop across the lamp in discrete steps. As the voltage potential approaches its maximum, the steps become shorter (see figure 1 on page 7).
32-64KHz From crystal oscillator Pushbutton level select 1 Coil 35mH/125 coil EL Lamp
NC VSS Coil CLK Level Select VDD
3 VDC
Lamp Lamp
Typical SP4415CN Application Circuit
SP4415DS/06 SP4415 Electroluminescent Lamp Driver (c) Copyright 1996 Sipex Corporation
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The H-bridge consists of two SCR structures that act as high voltage switches. These two switches control the polarity of how the lamp is charged. The SCR switches are controlled by the fLAMP signal which is the oscillator frequency divided by 128. For a 32,768 Hz oscillator, fLAMP=256 Hz. When the energy from the coil is released, a high voltage spike is created triggering the SCR switches. The direction of current flow is determined by which SCR is enabled. One full cycle of the H-bridge will create 16 voltage steps from ground to 80V (typical) on pins 6 and 7 which are 180 degrees out of phase with each other (see figure 3 on page 7). A differential view of the outputs is shown in figure 4 on page 7.
ELECTROLUMINESCENT TECHNOLOGY
An EL lamp is basically a strip of plastic that is coated with a phosphorous material which emits light (fluoresces) when a high voltage (>40V) which was first applied across it, is removed or reversed. Long periods of DC voltages applied to the material tend to breakdown the material and reduce its lifetime. With these considerations in mind, the ideal signal to drive an EL lamp is a high voltage sine wave. Traditional approaches to achieving this type of waveform included discrete circuits incorporating a transformer, transistors, and several resistors and capacitors. This approach is large and bulky, and cannot be implemented in most hand held equipment. Sipex now offers low power single chip driver circuits specifically designed to drive small to medium sized electroluminescent panels. All that is required is one external inductor. Electroluminescent backlighting is ideal when used with LCD displays, keypads, or other backlit readouts. Its main use is to illuminate displays in dim to dark conditions for momentary periods of time. EL lamps typically consume less current than LEDs or incandescent bulbs making them ideal for battery powered products. Also, EL lamps are able to evenly light an area without creating "hot spots" in the display. The amount of light emitted is a function of the voltage applied to the lamp, the frequency at which it is applied, the lamp material used and its size, and lastly, the inductor used. There are many variables which can be optimized for specific applications.
SP4415DS/06
SP4415 Electroluminescent Lamp Driver
(c) Copyright 1996 Sipex Corporation
5
Level 4, 16 Coil pulses 100% of VOUT
Level 3, 12 Coil pulses 85% of VOUT
Level 2, 9 Coil pulses 80% of VOUT
Level 1, 7 Coil pulses 75% of VOUT
Previously set level Full Level 4 Level 3 Output Intensity Level 2 Level1 OFF
1 sec Enabled Level Select Disabled
SP4415 Level Select Control
SP4415DS/06
SP4415 Electroluminescent Lamp Driver
(c) Copyright 1996 Sipex Corporation
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VPEAK=80V (typical)
EL1 output; 16 charge steps per half cycle
Figure 1.
16 coil pulses per half cycle; 94% duty cycle.
Figure 2.
EL1 Output
-EL2 Output
Figure 3.
EL1 Output VPP=160V (typical) -EL2 Output Differential Representation EL12.
Figure 4.
SP4415DS/06
SP4415 Electroluminescent Lamp Driver
(c) Copyright 1996 Sipex Corporation
7
HITACHI METALS Ltd. Kishimoto Bldg. 2-1, Marunouchi 2-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo Japan Phone: 3-3284-4936 Fax: 3-3287-1945 Mr. Noboru Abe Spec.9 mH 30% 42 ohm (Max) Model: MD 735L902B
Singapore Mr Stan kaiko, Mr. Hiroshi Kai Phone: 222-8077 Fax: 222-5232 Hong Kong Mr Mori Ota Phone: 2724-4188 Fax: 2311-2095
San Jose, CA Mr. Kent Oda Ph: 408 436-9505 Fx: 408 436-9601 6.8 0.3
7.0 0.5
3.3 0.3
6.0 0.3 (All Dimensions in mm)
Sankyo Shoji Co. (HK) RM 28, 9/il Thriving Ind. Centre Tsuen Wan, N.T. Hong Kong Phone: 8522 414 9268 Fax: 8522 413 6040 Contact: Mr. K.M. Chang Inductance: 29mH 20 % Resistance: 62 Ohms 10% @ 25C Part Number SK-121
8.1 0.2
11.0 0.2
1.5 (All Dimensions in mm)
3.3 0.2
Sankyo Shoji Co. (HK) RM 28, 9/il Thriving Ind. Centre Tsuen Wan, N.T. Hong Kong Phone: 8522 414 9268 Fax: 8522 413 6040 Contact: Mr. K.M. Chang Inductance: 65mH 15mH Resistance: 270 Ohms 15% @ 25C Part Number SK-80
3.6
5.6 Max.
0.8 2.4 (All Dimensions in mm)
CTC Coils LTD (HK) Flat L-M 14 Fl, Haribest Ind'l Bldg. 45-47 Au Pul Wan Street Fo Tan Shatin. N.T., Hong Kong Phone: 85 2695 4889 Fax: 85 2695 1842 Contact: Alfred Wong cc Marine Au Inductance: 20 mH 10% Resistance: 65 Ohms Max Model Number: CH5070AS-203K-006 Sipex No. S51208-M-1021-Sipex
25 2.0
2.5
6.5 Max
9.0 Max
(All dimensions in mm)
Mark Technology: North American stocking distributor for Sankyo and CTC Phone: 905-891-0165 FAX: 905-891-8534.
EL polarizers/transflector manufacturers
Nitto Denko Yoshi Shinozuka 56 Nicholson Lane San Jose, CA. 432-5480 Top Polarizer- NPF F1205DU Bottom - NPF F4225 or (F4205) P3 w/transflector Transflector Material Astra Products Mark Bogin P.O. Box 479 Baldwin, NJ 11510 Phone (516)-223-7500 Fax (516)-868-2371
EL Lamp manufacturers
Leading Edge Ind. Inc. 11578 Encore Circle Minnetonka, MN 55343 Phone 1-800-845-6992 Midori Mark Ltd. 1-5 Komagata 2-Chome Taita-Ku 111-0043 Japan Phone: 81-03-3848-2011 Luminescent Systems inc. (LSI) 101 Etna Road Lebanon, NH. 03766-9004 Phone: (603) 448-3444 Fax: (603) 448-33452
NEC Corporation Yumi Saskai 7-1, Shiba 5 Chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-01, Japan Phone: (03) 3798-9572 Fax: (03) 3798-6134 Seiko Precision Shuzo Abe 1-1, Taihei 4-Chome, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, 139 Japan Phone: (03) 5610-7089 Fax: (03) 5610-7177 Gunze Electronics 2113 Wells Branch Parkway Austin, TX 78728 Phone: (512) 752-1299 Fax: (512) 252-1181
SP4415DS/06
SP4415 Electroluminescent Lamp Driver
(c) Copyright 1996 Sipex Corporation
8
All package dimensions in inches 8-pin NSOIC
0.189/0.197
0.150/0.157
SP4415ACN
0.228/0.244
0.053/0.069
0.014/0.019 0.050 BSC
1
95 SP4415ACN per tube.
P
W
NSOIC-8 13" reels: P=8mm, W=12mm Minimum qty per reel 500 Standard qty per reel 2500 Maximum qty per reel 3000
SP4415DS/06
SP4415 Electroluminescent Lamp Driver
(c) Copyright 1996 Sipex Corporation
9
ORDERING INFORMATION
Model Temperature Range Package Type SP4415CN . ............................................. 0C to +70C ........................................... 8-Pin NSOIC
Please consult the factory for pricing and availability on a Tape-On-Reel option.
Corporation
SIGNAL PROCESSING EXCELLENCE
Sipex Corporation Headquarters and Sales Office 22 Linnell Circle Billerica, MA 01821 TEL: (978) 667-8700 FAX: (978) 670-9001 e-mail: sales@sipex.com Sales Office 233 South Hillview Drive Milpitas, CA 95035 TEL: (408) 934-7500 FAX: (408) 935-7600 European Sales Offices: ENGLAND: Sipex Corporation 2 Linden House Turk Street Alton Hampshire GU34 IAN England TEL: 44-1420-549527 FAX: 44-1420-542700 e-mail: mikeb@sipex.co.uk Far East: JAPAN: Nippon Sipex Corporation Yahagi No. 2 Building 3-5-3 Uchikanda, Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101 TEL: 81.3.3256.0577 FAX: 81.3.3256.0621
GERMANY: Sipex GmbH Gautinger Strasse 10 82319 Starnberg TEL: 49.81.51.89810 FAX: 49.81.51.29598 e-mail: sipex-starnberg@t-online.de
Sipex Corporation reserves the right to make changes to any products described herein. Sipex does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others.
SP4415DS/06
SP4415 Electroluminescent Lamp Driver
(c) Copyright 1996 Sipex Corporation
10

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